{"id":16945,"date":"2022-11-14T11:02:56","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T09:02:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/servicii\/dreptul-familiei\/succesiuni\/"},"modified":"2026-01-19T16:25:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T14:25:47","slug":"succesiuni","status":"publish","type":"servicii","link":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/servicii\/rodinne-pravo-v-rumunsku\/succesiuni\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u011bdictv\u00ed v Rumunsku"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdznam konzultace s advok\u00e1tem v oblasti d\u011bdick\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va<\/b><\/h2>\n

Konzultace s advok\u00e1tem specializovan\u00fdm na d\u011bdick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se doporu\u010duje k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v d\u011bdic\u016f a vyhnut\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm spor\u016fm.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u011bdictv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat \u0159adu konflikt\u016f mezi d\u011bdici, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o interpretaci testamentu, stanoven\u00ed kvalifikace d\u011bdice nebo o samotn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e9ho majetku. Advok\u00e1t m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00fdmto situac\u00edm p\u0159edej\u00edt poskytov\u00e1n\u00edm pr\u00e1vn\u00ed konzultace, jako\u017e i zastupov\u00e1n\u00edm a asistenc\u00ed d\u011bdic\u016fm v d\u011bdick\u00fdch \u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sah advok\u00e1ta je zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b nezbytn\u00fd v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b konflikt\u016f mezi d\u011bdici, kdy je nutn\u00e9 zajistit d\u011bdick\u00e9 zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed probl\u00e9my t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se vykon\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va v\u010das, nebo pokud jde o odstran\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fsledk\u016f ned\u016fstojnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Je t\u0159eba zm\u00ednit, \u017ee d\u011bdick\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee prob\u00edhat p\u0159ed not\u00e1\u0159em, pokud se d\u011bdici dohodnou, nebo soudn\u00ed cestou, pokud existuj\u00ed neshody t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se kvalifikace d\u011bdice nebo rozsahu d\u011bdick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v.<\/span><\/p>\n

Advok\u00e1ti t\u00fdmu Blaj Law z Cluje poskytuj\u00ed specializovanou pomoc jak v not\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m r\u00e1mci, tak p\u0159ed soudy, pokud not\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd proces nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dokon\u010den z d\u016fvodu neporozum\u011bn\u00ed mezi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami.<\/span><\/p>\n

Okam\u017eik otev\u0159en\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 953 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku d\u011bdictv\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159evod majetku zesnul\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 osoby na jednu nebo v\u00edce \u017eiv\u00fdch osob, co\u017e je v podstat\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00ed mechanismus p\u0159enosu pr\u00e1v a povinnost\u00ed zesnul\u00e9ho na d\u011bdice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Podle p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch p\u0159edpis\u016f se d\u011bdictv\u00ed otev\u00edr\u00e1 okam\u017eikem \u00famrt\u00ed zesnul\u00e9ho a na jeho posledn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b pobytu, ur\u010den\u00e9m podle \u00famrtn\u00edho listu nebo, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech, na z\u00e1klad\u011b pravomocn\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed o prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed smrti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud je m\u00edsto pobytu zesnul\u00e9ho nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 nebo se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt d\u011bdictv\u00ed projedn\u00e1no u p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho not\u00e1\u0159e v obvodu, kde se nach\u00e1z\u00ed nemovit\u00fd majetek zesnul\u00e9ho, nebo, v jeho nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti, movit\u00fd majetek.<\/span><\/p>\n

Typy d\u011bdictv\u00ed a podm\u00ednky pro d\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

D\u011bdictv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00e1konn\u00e9, pokud prob\u00edh\u00e1 v souladu s pravidly stanoven\u00fdmi ob\u010dansk\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u00edkem, nebo testament\u00e1rn\u00ed, pokud zesnul\u00fd u\u010dinil pr\u00e1vn\u00ed akt b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se sv\u00e9ho majetku.<\/span><\/p>\n

V praxi z\u00e1konn\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed nastupuje, kdy\u017e neexistuj\u00ed testament\u00e1rn\u00ed dispozice, a uplat\u0148uje se podle pravidel stanoven\u00fdch z\u00e1konem, kter\u00e9 ur\u010duj\u00ed po\u0159ad\u00ed, v jak\u00e9m jsou d\u011bdicov\u00e9 povol\u00e1ni k d\u011bdictv\u00ed. Testament\u00e1rn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed, na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b, umo\u017e\u0148uje zesnul\u00e9mu vyj\u00e1d\u0159it svou v\u016fli ohledn\u011b zp\u016fsobu rozd\u011blen\u00ed sv\u00e9ho majetku, ale mus\u00ed respektovat d\u011bdickou rezervu rezervovan\u00fdch d\u011bdic\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u011bdit, mus\u00ed osoba splnit ur\u010dit\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, jako je d\u011bdick\u00e1 zp\u016fsobilost, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na\u017eivu v okam\u017eiku otev\u0159en\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed. D\u00e1le je nezbytn\u00e9 m\u00edt d\u011bdick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, stanoven\u00e9 bu\u010f z\u00e1konem, nebo v\u016fl\u00ed zesnul\u00e9ho. Krom\u011b toho nem\u016f\u017ee d\u011bdit osoba, kter\u00e1 byla prohl\u00e1\u0161ena za ned\u016fstojnou, bu\u010f ze z\u00e1kona, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed sp\u00e1chali trestn\u00e9 \u010diny proti \u017eivotu zesnul\u00e9ho, nebo soudn\u00edm rozhodnut\u00edm, kdy\u017e soud na \u017e\u00e1dost jin\u00fdch d\u011bdic\u016f rozhodne o vylou\u010den\u00ed d\u011bdice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po\u0159ad\u00ed d\u011bdic\u016f a d\u011bdick\u00e9 pod\u00edly<\/b><\/h3>\n

Podle \u010dl\u00e1nku 964 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku jsou d\u011bdici pr\u00e1vn\u00edmi p\u0159edpisy rozd\u011bleni do \u010dty\u0159 t\u0159\u00edd, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e1 pr\u00e1va na d\u011bdick\u00fd majetek. Prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda d\u011bdic\u016f je tvo\u0159ena potomky zesnul\u00e9ho, tedy d\u011btmi, vnou\u010daty a pravnuky. Druh\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z privilegovan\u00fdch p\u0159edk\u016f (rodi\u010de zesnul\u00e9ho) a privilegovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdch (sourozenci zesnul\u00e9ho). T\u0159et\u00ed t\u0159\u00edda zahrnuje oby\u010dejn\u00e9 p\u0159edky (d\u011bde\u010dky a prarodi\u010de) a \u010dtvrt\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda je tvo\u0159ena oby\u010dejn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi (str\u00fdci, tety a bratranci a sest\u0159enice). <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u011bdici z vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy vylu\u010duj\u00ed z d\u011bdictv\u00ed osoby z ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd a d\u011bdick\u00e9 pod\u00edly jsou stanoveny v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u010dtu d\u011bdic\u016f a na t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, do kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jsou v\u00fdslovn\u011b upraveny ob\u010dansk\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u00edkem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Postup p\u0159i projedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

Jak jsme zm\u00ednili d\u0159\u00edve, d\u011bdick\u00e9 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt realizov\u00e1no not\u00e1\u0159skou cestou nebo soudn\u00ed cestou.<\/span>
\nNot\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd postup je preferov\u00e1n, proto\u017ee je rychlej\u0161\u00ed a levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, av\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt aplikov\u00e1n pouze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se d\u011bdici dohodnou na v\u0161ech aspektech t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se rozd\u011blen\u00ed majetku. Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e9ho \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed not\u00e1\u0159em se prov\u00e1d\u00ed pod\u00e1n\u00edm \u017e\u00e1dosti u p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho not\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00e1 je doprov\u00e1zena pot\u0159ebn\u00fdmi dokumenty, jako je \u00famrtn\u00ed list, matri\u010dn\u00ed doklady a doklady o vlastnictv\u00ed. Not\u00e1\u0159 ur\u010duje d\u011bdickou masu, stanov\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9 nebo testament\u00e1rn\u00ed d\u011bdice a pokud nejsou \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 nesrovnalosti, vyd\u00e1 d\u011bdick\u00fd list.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud existuj\u00ed spory o kvalifikaci d\u011bdice nebo rozsah d\u011bdick\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, d\u011bdictv\u00ed je projedn\u00e1no soudn\u00ed cestou. Soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zahrnuje pod\u00e1n\u00ed \u017ealoby u p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho soudu, kter\u00fd posoud\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti a d\u016fkazy, na nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 strana zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 sv\u00e9 n\u00e1roky, a vyd\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00fdm stanov\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e1 pr\u00e1va ka\u017ed\u00e9ho d\u011bdice.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00fdznam pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoci p\u0159i d\u011bdick\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

Pomoc advok\u00e1ta specializovan\u00e9ho na d\u011bdick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo je nezbytn\u00e1 pro objasn\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1v d\u011bdic\u016f, pro asistenci a zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto osob p\u0159ed not\u00e1\u0159em nebo soudem a pro seps\u00e1n\u00ed a kontrolu testament\u016f, aby byla spln\u011bna podm\u00ednky jejich platnosti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Advok\u00e1t m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i prevenci konflikt\u016f mezi d\u011bdici t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro rozd\u011blen\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e9ho majetku. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b spor\u016f zajist\u00ed zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed soudem a p\u0159iprav\u00ed pot\u0159ebnou obhajobu k ochran\u011b pr\u00e1v klienta. Pokud pot\u0159ebujete pr\u00e1vn\u00ed pomoc v d\u011bdick\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, doporu\u010dujeme kontaktovat advok\u00e1ta z t\u00fdmu Blaj Law pro pr\u00e1vn\u00ed poradenstv\u00ed p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 va\u0161\u00ed situaci.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdznam konzultace s advok\u00e1tem v oblasti d\u011bdick\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va Konzultace s advok\u00e1tem specializovan\u00fdm na d\u011bdick\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo se doporu\u010duje k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1v d\u011bdic\u016f a vyhnut\u00ed se p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm pr\u00e1vn\u00edm spor\u016fm. D\u011bdictv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee vyvolat \u0159adu konflikt\u016f mezi d\u011bdici, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o interpretaci testamentu, stanoven\u00ed kvalifikace d\u011bdice nebo o samotn\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed d\u011bdick\u00e9ho majetku. Advok\u00e1t m\u016f\u017ee takov\u00fdmto situac\u00edm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":15381,"parent":16911,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-16945","servicii","type-servicii","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","layout_category-dreptul-familiei"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii\/16945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/servicii"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii\/16911"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}