{"id":16947,"date":"2022-11-14T10:44:13","date_gmt":"2022-11-14T08:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/servicii\/dreptul-familiei\/partaj\/"},"modified":"2026-01-19T16:26:39","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T14:26:39","slug":"vyporadani-spolecneho-jmeni-v-rumunsku","status":"publish","type":"servicii","link":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/servicii\/rodinne-pravo-v-rumunsku\/vyporadani-spolecneho-jmeni-v-rumunsku\/","title":{"rendered":"Vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed v Rumunsku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed operaci, jej\u00edm\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rozd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed nabyt\u00fdch man\u017eeli b\u011bhem trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Podle \u00a7 339 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku si ka\u017ed\u00fd z man\u017eel\u016f ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 mu n\u00e1le\u017eely v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b, zat\u00edmco spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci podl\u00e9haj\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. V souladu s \u00a7 357 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku jsou spole\u010dn\u00fdmi v\u011bcmi ty, kter\u00e9 byly nabyt\u00e9 za trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed, bez ohledu na osobu uvedenou v nab\u00fdvac\u00edm titulu, s v\u00fdjimkou v\u011bc\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch d\u011bd\u011bn\u00edm, darov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdslovn\u00e9 dohody.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mezi spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci pat\u0159\u00ed: <\/span>nemovitosti<\/b> \u2013 rodinn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed, pozemky a jak\u00e9koli jin\u00e9 nemovitosti nabyt\u00e9 b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed; <\/span>vozidla<\/b>; <\/span>naspo\u0159en\u00e9 pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed prost\u0159edky<\/b> \u2013 rodinn\u00e9 \u00faspory, spole\u010dn\u00e9 bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dty, vklady vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 z p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z\u00edskan\u00fdch b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed; <\/span>p\u0159\u00edjmy ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z man\u017eel\u016f<\/b> \u2013 mzda, d\u016fchod, p\u0159\u00edjmy ze samostatn\u00e9 nebo profesn\u00ed \u010dinnosti, p\u0159\u00edjmy z n\u00e1jemn\u00e9ho nebo jin\u00e9 zdroje z\u00edskan\u00e9 b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed; <\/span>investice a cenn\u00e9 pap\u00edry<\/b> \u2013 akcie, dluhopisy, investi\u010dn\u00ed fondy po\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 ze spole\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f; <\/span>movit\u00e9 v\u011bci<\/b> \u2013 n\u00e1bytek, dom\u00e1c\u00ed spot\u0159ebi\u010de, \u0161perky, um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla nebo jin\u00e9 cenn\u00e9 v\u011bci zakoupen\u00e9 b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed atd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vedle spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed zahrnovat tak\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u00e1 pasiva, p\u0159edstavovan\u00e1 <\/span>dluhy<\/b> vznikl\u00fdmi b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem uspokojen\u00ed pot\u0159eb rodiny. Vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed dluh\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno dohodou stran nebo rozhodnut\u00edm soudu, kter\u00fd stanov\u00ed pom\u011brn\u00fd pod\u00edl ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z man\u017eel\u016f na jejich \u00fahrad\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fdm Blaj Law v\u00e1m poskytuje specializovanou pr\u00e1vn\u00ed asistenci v \u0159\u00edzen\u00edch o vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o sm\u00edrn\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, nebo o soudn\u00ed spor. Na\u0161i advok\u00e1ti v\u00e1s mohou prov\u00e9st spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm ur\u010den\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed a chr\u00e1nit va\u0161e pr\u00e1va a z\u00e1jmy. Ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad je posuzov\u00e1n individu\u00e1ln\u011b, aby bylo dosa\u017eeno spravedliv\u00e9ho rozd\u011blen\u00ed majetku a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 prok\u00e1zat skute\u010dn\u00fd pod\u00edl ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z man\u017eel\u016f na jeho nabyt\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Pod\u00edl na nabyt\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku<\/b><\/h2>\n

Z\u00e1kon stanov\u00ed domn\u011bnku rovn\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu man\u017eel\u016f na nabyt\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed podle \u00a7 364 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku. Nen\u00ed-li prok\u00e1z\u00e1n opak, m\u00e1 se za to, \u017ee spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci byly nabyty ob\u011bma man\u017eeli ve stejn\u00e9m pom\u011bru. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zd\u016fraznit, \u017ee podle judikatury a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed doktr\u00edny se pod\u00edl na nabyt\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed neomezuje v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b na finan\u010dn\u00ed vklad, ale zahrnuje i jin\u00e9 formy p\u0159\u00ednosu, jako je pr\u00e1ce v dom\u00e1cnosti a p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tak nap\u0159\u00edklad, pokud se jeden z man\u017eel\u016f, zpravidla man\u017eelka, v\u011bnoval v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b p\u00e9\u010di o d\u011bti a veden\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti, zat\u00edmco druh\u00fd m\u011bl st\u00e1l\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy ze zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed, nelze tvrdit, \u017ee na nabyt\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku p\u0159isp\u011bl pouze ten, kdo m\u011bl p\u0159\u00edjmy. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti jsou soudy uzn\u00e1v\u00e1ny jako formy p\u0159\u00ednosu ke spole\u010dn\u00e9mu majetku, tak\u017ee man\u017eel, kter\u00fd byl v dom\u00e1cnosti, nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zbaven sv\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va na spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci pouze z toho d\u016fvodu, \u017ee nem\u011bl vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy. Soud posoud\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159skou a rodinnou situaci man\u017eel\u016f jako celek a vyhne se diskriminaci jednoho z nich z d\u016fvodu absence p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch v\u00fdd\u011blk\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zp\u016fsoby vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b><\/h3>\n

Vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt provedeno sm\u00edrnou cestou nebo soudn\u00ed cestou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sm\u00edrn\u00e9 vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b> lze uskute\u010dnit na z\u00e1klad\u011b dohody stran, a to bu\u010f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm not\u00e1\u0159sky ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho aktu, nebo formou soudn\u00edho sm\u00edru schv\u00e1len\u00e9ho soudem. Toto \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed je up\u0159ednost\u0148ov\u00e1no, jeliko\u017e se j\u00edm p\u0159edch\u00e1z\u00ed dodate\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1klad\u016fm a zdlouhavosti soudn\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. V r\u00e1mci sm\u00edrn\u00e9ho vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed mohou man\u017eel\u00e9 svobodn\u011b rozhodnout o zp\u016fsobu rozd\u011blen\u00ed majetku, a to bu\u010f formou natur\u00e1ln\u00edho p\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed, nebo prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm finan\u010dn\u00edho vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Soudn\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b> nastupuje tehdy, pokud se strany nedok\u00e1\u017eou dohodnout. Podle \u00a7 979 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho soudn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du je soud p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd k projedn\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu na vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ur\u010d\u00ed pod\u00edly ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z man\u017eel\u016f a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed zp\u016fsob p\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bez ohledu na to, zda je vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed provedeno sm\u00edrnou nebo soudn\u00ed cestou, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rozd\u011blen\u00ed majetku uskute\u010dn\u011bno jedn\u00edm z n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. P\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed v natur\u00e1li\u00edch<\/b> \u2013 ka\u017ed\u00fd z man\u017eel\u016f obdr\u017e\u00ed majetek odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed hodnot\u011b pod\u00edlu, na kter\u00fd m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok, pokud je takov\u00e9 rozd\u011blen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Prodej majetku a rozd\u011blen\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f<\/b> \u2013 pokud majetek nelze fyzicky rozd\u011blit, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prod\u00e1n a z\u00edskan\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1stka je rozd\u011blena pom\u011brn\u011b podle stanoven\u00fdch pod\u00edl\u016f.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • \u00dahrada vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky<\/b> \u2013 pokud jeden z man\u017eel\u016f obdr\u017e\u00ed majetek, jeho\u017e hodnota p\u0159evy\u0161uje jeho pod\u00edl, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt povinen vyplatit druh\u00e9mu man\u017eelovi vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stku.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Zpravidla doch\u00e1z\u00ed k vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku po rozvodu, sou\u010dasn\u011b se z\u00e1nikem z\u00e1konn\u00e9ho majetkov\u00e9ho re\u017eimu man\u017eel\u016f. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u00e1 vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed za c\u00edl vyjasnit pr\u00e1va ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z b\u00fdval\u00fdch man\u017eel\u016f k majetku nabyt\u00e9mu b\u011bhem trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Ob\u010dansk\u00fd z\u00e1kon\u00edk v\u0161ak umo\u017e\u0148uje vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed i b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed, ani\u017e by t\u00edm byla dot\u010dena platnost man\u017eelstv\u00ed nebo majetkov\u00fd re\u017eim man\u017eel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Man\u017eel\u00e9 se tak mohou dohodnout na rozd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku ji\u017e b\u011bhem man\u017eelstv\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u011b se mohou rozhodnout, zda zachovaj\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed majetkov\u00fd re\u017eim, nebo jej zm\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm man\u017eelsk\u00e9 smlouvy. Pokud mezi man\u017eely vzniknou neshody ohledn\u011b zp\u016fsobu rozd\u011blen\u00ed majetku, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt k rozhodnut\u00ed o vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159izv\u00e1n soud.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed asistence a zastupov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/b><\/h2>\n

      Proces vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed zpravidla trv\u00e1 del\u0161\u00ed dobu a ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zahrnuje vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed znaleck\u00e9ho posudku za \u00fa\u010delem stanoven\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 hodnoty majetku, kter\u00fd je p\u0159edm\u011btem rozd\u011blen\u00ed. Pokud nav\u00edc jeden z man\u017eel\u016f zpochyb\u0148uje z\u00e1konnou domn\u011bnku rovn\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu (50\u201350), m\u016f\u017ee soud na\u0159\u00eddit dal\u0161\u00ed znaleck\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed k ur\u010den\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho pod\u00edlu ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z man\u017eel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Advok\u00e1ti specializovan\u00ed na vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed z t\u00fdmu Blaj Law poskytuj\u00ed podrobn\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed poradenstv\u00ed, asistuj\u00ed a zastupuj\u00ed klienty p\u0159i sm\u00edrn\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch nebo v soudn\u00edch sporech o vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e usiluj\u00ed o co nejp\u0159\u00edzniv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed s ohledem na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed okolnosti ka\u017ed\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9ho jm\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje pr\u00e1vn\u00ed operaci, jej\u00edm\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rozd\u011blen\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed nabyt\u00fdch man\u017eeli b\u011bhem trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed. Podle \u00a7 339 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku si ka\u017ed\u00fd z man\u017eel\u016f ponech\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 mu n\u00e1le\u017eely v\u00fdlu\u010dn\u011b, zat\u00edmco spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u011bci podl\u00e9haj\u00ed vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. V souladu s \u00a7 357 ob\u010dansk\u00e9ho z\u00e1kon\u00edku jsou spole\u010dn\u00fdmi v\u011bcmi ty, kter\u00e9 byly nabyt\u00e9 za trv\u00e1n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":15381,"parent":16911,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-16947","servicii","type-servicii","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","layout_category-dreptul-familiei"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii\/16947","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/servicii"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/servicii\/16911"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blaj-law.ro\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}